Biofilms, microbial communities encased in an extracellular matrix, are the dominant lifestyle of bacteria. Biofilm formation enhances environmental survival and transmission of the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae. Understanding the mechanisms involved in biofilm formation and maintenance is critical for developing strategies to control cholera epidemics. In this presentation, I will describe the components of V. cholerae biofilm matrix and their role in biofilm matrix assembly. I will also describe structure-function relationship of the matrix protein RbmA and Vibrio exopolysaccharide which is required for biofilm stability.